Dishwasher tub and spray nozzle construction



g- 7, 1951 R. w. FRANKLIN 2,563,109

DISHWASHER TUB AND SPRAY NOZZLE CONSTRUCTION Filed April 24, 1946 3Sheets-Sheet 1 fal.

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Aug. 7, 1951 R. w. FRANKLIN 2,563,109

DISHWASHER 'ru AND SPRAY NOZZLE CONSTRUCTION Filed A ril 24, 1946 sSheets-Sheet :5

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Patented Aug. 7, 1951 OFFICE DISHWASHER TUB AND SPRAY NOZZLECONSTRUCTION Ray W. Franklin, Chicago, 111.

Application April 24, 1946, Serial No. 664,443

This invention relates to dishwashers and particularly to tubconstructions therefor.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a dishwasher tub ofmoderate size and price which can be used to advantage both in homes andin commercial establishments. Another object of the invention is toprovide such a tub construction of sheet metal stampings, which, whenassembled, presents a unitary appearance and is, in efiect, a unitaryarticle.

A further object is the provision of a unitary construction, asmentioned above, which can be simply mounted in and supported bydifierent kinds of stands or cabinets to suit the desires of diii'erentusers.

Still another object is the provision of a tub construction made fromsheet metal stampings, which presents the least liability to leaking.

The tub is so constructed also that certain parts are easilydisassembled for cleaning purposes. The wash water from dishwashersbecomes Iull oi sediment, and in passing through certain passages, thetendency is for it to become clogged in these passages. In myconstruction, however, critical parts can be easily removed for cleaningout this sediment.

Specifically, the construction includes a shallow main bottom and asurrounding side wall secured to and extending upwardly from theperipheral margin thereof. A sub-bottom is secured to the underside ofthe main bottom, entirely enclosing it, and extending partially up theside of the tub.

The sub-bottom has stamped therein a center impeller well and channelscommunicating with the impeller well. which lead therefrom outwardly andupwardly. Channel forming strips are secured to the side wall,continuing the channels upwardly where they communicate with theinterior oi. the tub adjacent the top thereof.

Additional channels are formed in the subbottom which communicate withthe impeller well, and lead outwardly and communicate with the interiorof the tub through the bottom thereof. Spray units are here attached fordirecting wash water onto the dishes from the bottom.

With these and other objects in view, my invention consists in theconstruction, arrangement and combination of the various parts of mydevice whereby the objects contemplated are attained as hereinafter morefully set forth, pointed out in my claims. and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a washer tub embody ins my invention, with thecover removed;

9 Claims. (Cl. 134-148) Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken online 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side view of one of the strips secured to the outer surfaceof the tub for forming vertical wash water flow channels therewith;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4-4' of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 shows an insert to be used where the vertical channels enter theinterior of the tub;

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the dome covering the impeller well in thebottom of the tub;

Fig. 8 is a bottom view of the dome of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a view taken on line 99 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 10 is a view taken on line ill-10 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 11 is a view taken on line llll of Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a view taken on line i2--I2 of Fig. 11; and I Fig. 13 is areduced perspective view of the finished tub in place in a stand orcabinet.

Referring now in detail to the drawings, the tub as a whole isindicatedat 12, and it is shown supported by a stand or cabinet Hi. The tub inthis instance is circular, and for supporting it in the stand M, aplurality of U-shaped brackets l6 are welded to the tub and to thestand. The brackets iii are of diiierent sizes for positioning the tubin the stand to provide space in the stand for an operating motor (notshown).

The tub 12 includes a main shell l3 which comprises a main bottom 20 anda surrounding side wall 22. The main bottom 20 is a generally flatsurface 2 provided with a large central opening 26 and an upturnedperipheral extension 28.

The side wall 22 is formed of a flat piece of sheet metal and rolled toprovide a cylindrical shape and fitted in the inner surface of the headit formed at the upper margin of the upturned periphery 28. These partsare then spot welded at intervals therearound, and the seam between thetwo parts soldered to prevent leakin of the wash water from the tub.

Secured to the under-surface of the main shell I8 is a sub-bottom 32havin a central generally fiat surface 34 and an upturned peripheralwall 36. The sub-bottom 32 is in general the shape of the main bottom28, but contains formations varying from its general shape. ,Theupturned peripheral wall 36 of the sub-bottom 32 terminates just belowthe bead 30, and the peripheral wall 36 is spot welded to the peripheralwall 28 at certain points therearound for securing them solidlytogether. The seam between these parts is then soldered to preventleaking.

The sub-bottom 32 before applying it to the tub is stamped to provide acenter well 38 for the reception and operation of an impeller 48. Thesub-bottom 32 is also provided with a plurality of radially extendingtroughs or open channels 42, communicating with and leading from thecenter well 38 and continuing outwardly and then upwardly along theupturned peripheral wall 36. These troughs or channels 42 are stampeddownwardly in the sub-bottom 32, and have their open sides next to thesurface 24 of the main bottom 28 to form closed channels in conjunctiontherewith.

Channel forming strips 44 which are also stamped and have flanges 46formed thereon, are secured to the outer surface of the side wall 22 andcommunicate with the upper extremity of the channels 42 as shown inFigs. 3 and 4 at 48. Likewise, these channel formin strips 44 are spotwelded to the side wall 22 at certain points, and the seam soldered. Thestrips 44 extend upwardly adjacent the top of the side wall 22 whereopenings 58 are formed in the side wall 22. The openings 58 are stampedand inwardly offset flanges 52 are formed along their marginal edges.The vertical dimension of the openings 58 is greater than that necessaryfor the passage of suflicient wash water, and to reduce the area ofthese openings, inserts 54 are employed. The inserts 54 are formed withreduced openings 56, and baflies 58 formed above such openings 56, thebaffles being directed inwardly and downwardly.

The dome 68 is secured to the bottom of the tub and covers the opening26 in the main bottom 28. Openings 62 are punched in the dome 68 forforming shields 64. The openings 62 permit sufficient wash water to passtherethrough, and the shields 64 prevent objects such as silverware fromfalling through the openings 62. The dome 68 comprises a plate 66 havinga central opening 68 and a flange "I extending upwardly from the marginof the plate 66 and flaring outwardly at its upper edge. An inner shell12 is fitted on the inner surface of the flange I8 forming the completedome. Centrally of the dome 68 is an upwardly extending sleeve 14 havinga central opening for the insertion of the shaft I3 of a basket I forholding the dishes to be washed. This basket forms no part of thepresent invention and accordingly only a small portion there-- of isshown. The shaft I3 fits loosely in the sleeve 14, so that the basketcan be rotated; any desired means may be employed for rotatin thebasket.

Secured to the lower edge of the flange I8 is a plurality of ears I6,each having a keyhole slot 18 therein. The cars I6 are secured to theflange 18 by means of welding, and are spaced circumferentially aroundthedome 68. A plurality of shouldered rivets 88 are secured to the flatsurface 24 of the main bottom 28 at points to cooperate with the keyholeslots 18 in the ears 16. The rivets 88 have enlarged heads on theirupper ends, and the shoulders, being in engagement with the surface 24,space the enlarged heads of the rivets above the surface 24. To securthe dome 68 in place, it is inserted in the tub with the rivets passingthrough the enlarged portions of the slots I8, and then turned so thatthe enlarged heads of the rivets 88 fit over the narrower portions ofthe slots I8 in a well known manner.

In addition to the channels 42 formed in the sub-bottom 34, a pluralityof additional, supplementary channels are formed therein in the spacesbetween the channels 42. These channels are indicated at 82 andcommunicate with the center well 38 similarly to the channels 42, andextend radially outwardly wher they terminate a short distance beyondthe periphery of the dome 68. Registering with the outer extremity ofeach channel 82 is an openin 84 in the main bottom 28. Secured in theseopenings 84 are spray units indicated in their entirety at 86.

'Each spray unit 86 includes an upwardly extending conduit 88 and aheader 98 secured to the upper end thereof. A shoulder 92 having twooutwardly extending hooks 94 is press-fitted onto the lower end of thevertical conduit. On each side of each opening 84 is a rivet 96 securedin the main bottom 28 and extending upwardly therefrom. The spray units86 are inserted into the openings 84 and turned so that the hooks 94engage the rivets 96. The headers 98 secured to the upper ends of thevertical conduits 88 each comprise a horizontal tube 98 welded to theconduit 88, and an outer sleeve I88 fitted over the tube. The tube 98 isprovided with a longitudinal slot I02 throughout th greater part of itslength on the upper surface thereof, and has one end open as indicatedat I84. The sleeve I88 is provided with a series of aligned holes I86and has one end closed as indicated at I88. The sleeve is placed overthe tube 98 so that the holes I 86 register with the slot I 82 forrestricting th total opening of the slot, a portion of the slot I82remainin uncovered. The sleeve, I88 is retained on the tube 98 merely byfriction. A pluralit of notches II 8 are formed in the flange I8 foraccommodating the conduits 88 when the spray units 86 are in place. Thespray units 86 are positioned so that the headers 98 assume variousangles with respect to each other and to the margin of the basket in thedishwasher, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1.

It will be noted that there are four channels 42, forming four spaces,one between each two adjacent channels; and three channels 82, one ineach of three of the spaces between the channels 42. In the fourth spaceis an additional channel II2 communicating with the center well 38,extending radially outwardly, and terminating near the verticalperipheral wall 36. An opening H4 is formed in the sub-bottom 32 at theextremity of this channel H2 and leads outwardly for draining the tub. Adrain cock II 6 is secured to the tub at this point for draining thetub. A suitable gasket is interposed between the drain cock and the tub.

A suitable cover II'I, cooperating with sealing means II 8 secured inthe side wall 22, encloses the tub.

The impeller 48 is secured to the upper end of a drive shaft I I9entering through an opening I28 formed centrally in the center well 38.The drive shaft H9 is supported by suitable bearing and mounting meansI22 secured to the sub-bottom and provided with suitable packing means.A conventional driving assembly is also provided, including a suitabledrive pulley I24 and a clutch I26 for driving the impeller 48.

The sub-bottom enclosing the entire lower region of the main shellreduces to a minimum the likelihood of leaking, since all passages areformed between the two elements and effectively enclosed,- the channelforming strips 44 acting as extensions of the sub-bottom.

Fig. 13 shows to good advantage the finished tub construction of thisinvention, the objective being to make a unitary dishwasher so that itcan be placed in almost any kind of stand or cabinet. The cabinet ll maybe constructed by the user to suit his own kitchen arrangement or space,and the position of the tub within the cabinet may be fixed at one sideor another to position it for the clearance of operating elements suchas a motor. This is a great advantage in putting out articles in massproduction, since it .can be standardized and made to fit numerousconditions. The construction is simple and economical.

Use and operation The tub is filled to a suitable depth with wash water,and the impeller is rotated, forcing the water outwardly and upwardlythrough the channels 42. It enters the tub again through the openings 50at th upper extremity of the side wall 22 where it is directed inwardlyand downwardly on the dishes in the basket. The bailles 58 may bepositioned at various angles around the tub, if desired, so that some ofthe wash water strikes the dishes at the edge, and other portions of thewater strike the dishes in the center. At the same time the dish wateris forced through the channels 82 and through the spraying units 86 bywhich the water is sprayed upwardly on the dishes in the basket from theunderside thereof. The lower edge of the basket rests at the upper endof the sleeve 14, and the spray units 86 are accordingly positionedbelow this point. It will be noted that the spray units 86 may bepositioned at varying angles as shown in Fig. 1. It will also be notedthat none of the spray units 86 are directed toward the center of thetub, so that the sleeves I00 can be removed without hindrance from thesleeve Hi.

As stated above, there is much sediment in strips secured in liquidtight relation to the outer surface of the side wall for formingchannels therewith and continuing the channels in the peripheral wallupwardly along the side wall, there being openings in the side wall atthe extremities of said channel strips, and the bottom of the main shellhaving an opening therein communicating with said channels.

2. A tub construction, comprising, in combination, a main shell having abottom and surrounding side wall, and a sub-bottom enclosing and secured in liquid tight relation to the outer surface of the bottom of themain shell, the subbottom having a eripheral wall extending partiallyupwardly along the side wall of the main shell, there being a centerwell in the sub-bottom, there also being troughs in the sub-bottomcommunicating with said center well and extending radially outwardlytherefrom to the peripheral margin and upwardly in the peripheral wall,said troughs, together with said main shell, forming closed channels,the bottom of the main shell having a center opening therein registeringwith and communicating with said center well.

3. Ina tub construction, the combination, comprising, a main shellhaving a bottom and surrounding side wall, a sub-bottom having aperipheral wall enclosing and secured to the outer surface of the bottomof the main shell, there being channels between the main shell and thesub-bottom and extending from the center thereof radially outwardly andupwardly, there the wash water from the dishes, and this sediment tendsto become lodged in restricted passages. In order to easily clean thesediment from all parts of the tub, the inserts 54 may be removed fromtheir positions, the spray units 85 removed bodily, and the dome 60removed. In addition, the sleeves I00 may be removed from the tubes 98for ease in cleaning these devices.

The bafile I0 is provided with four notches I It, although there areonly three spray units 86 to fit thereinto. In order to make it asconvenient as possible for replacing the parts in the tub, these notchesH8 are provided so that regardless of what position the dome 60 assumeswhen replaced, there will be a notch in each of the positions in whichthe spray units 86 may be inserted,

While I have herein shown and described a preferred embodiment of myinvention, manifestly it is capable of modification and rearrangement ofparts without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. 1 do not,therefore, wish to be understood as limiting this invention to theprecise form herein disclosed, except as I may be so limited by theappended claims.

Iclaim as my invention:

l. A tub construction, comprising, in combination, a main shell having abottom and a surrounding side wall,a sub-bottom enclosing and so curedin liquid tight relation to the outer surface of the bottom of the mainshell, said sub-bottom having a peripheral wall extending partiallyupwardly along the side wall of the main shell, the sub-bottom havingtroughs therein extending radially from the center outwardly to theperipheral margin and upwardly in the peripheral wall, said troughs,together with said main shell, forming closed channels, and channel alsobeing supplementary channels between the main shell and the sub-bottomextending from the center thereof radially outwardly and terminating inthe bottom surface of the tub, all of said channels communicating withthe interior of the tub at the center of the bottom of the main shell,and spray means leading from the extremities of said supplementarychannels to the interior of the tub at the lower region thereof.

4. In a tub construction, the combination, comprising, a main shellhaving a bottom and surrounding side wall, a sub-bottom having aperipheral wall enclosing and secured to the outer surface of the bottomof the main shell, there being channels between the main shell and thesub-bottom and extending from the center thereof radially outwardly andupwardly, there also being supplementary channels between the main shelland the sub-bottom extending from the center thereof radially outwardlyand terminating in the bottom surface of the tub, all of said channelscommunicating with the interior of the tub at the center of the bottomof the main shell, said supplementary channels at their extremitiescommunicating with the interior of the tub, and removable spray unitssecured to the bottom of the main shell and leading to the interior ofthe tub at the lower region thereof.

5. A tub construction, comprising, in combina tion, a main shell havinga bottom and surrounding side wall, a sub-bottom enclosing and securedto the outer surface of the bottom of the main shell, the sub-bottomhaving channels therein extending from the center thereof radiallyoutwardly, means for continuing the channels upwardly along the sidewall of the main shell, said channels opening into the interior of thetub through the side wall thereof, the bottom of the main shell havingan opening therein communicating with said channels, a removable domesecured over the opening in the bottom of the main shell, said domehaving openings therein for the passage of water therethrough, andsupplementary channels between the main shell and the sub-bottomextending from the center radially outwardly and terminating in thebottom surface of the tub, and spray means leading from the extremitiesof said supplementary channels to the interior of the tub within thelower region thereof.

6. A tub construction, comprising, a main shell having a bottom andsurrounding side wall, means secured to the bottom of the main shell forforming a center well therein for the reception and operation of animpeller, the bottom of the main shell having an opening thereincommunicating with said center well, said means forming channels leadingfrom the center well outwardly and communicating with the interior ofthe tub through the bottom of the main shell, and conduits leading fromthe extremities of said channels and extending upwardly in the tub, saidconduits having headers secured thereto, each of said headers beingprovided with a plurality of holes opening upwardly.

7. A tub construction, comprising a main shell having a bottom andsurrounding side wall, means secured to the bottom of the main shell forforming a center wall therein for the reception and operation of animpeller, the bottom of the main shell having an opening thereincommunicating with said center well, said means forming channels leadingfrom the center well outwardly and communicating with the interior ofthe tub through the bottom of the main shell, conduits leading from theextremities of said channels and extending upwardly in the tub, saidconduits having headers secured thereto, each of said headers having alongitudinal slot formed therein, and a sleeve removably secured overeach of said headers, each sleeve having a series of holes formedtherein adapted to register with corresponding ones of said slots.

8. In a dishwasher having a basket rotatably mounted therein, the basketadapted to hold dishes for a washing operation, the combination of a tubconstruction, comprising, a main shell having a bottom and surroundingside wall, means secured to the outer surface of the main shell forforming channels therewith, said channels leading from the center of thebottom radially outwardly and then upwardly along the side wall, saidchannels communicating with the interior of the tub at the center of thebottom and at their extremities communicating with the interior of thetub through the side Wall thereof, bafiles at the points where saidchannels at their extremities communicate with the interior of the tub,said baiiles being directed inwardly and downwardly at varying angles,said means forming supplementary channels on the exterior of the bottomof the main shell leading from the center thereof radially outwardly,and communieating with the interior of the tub through the bottomthereof, and conduits leading from the extremities of said supplementarychannels in the interior of the tub, said conduits having headerssecured thereto, said headers having openings directed upwardly, andsaid headers being disposed at different positions angularly withrespect to the margin of said basket.

9. A tub construction, comprising, in combination, a main bottom havingan upturned periphery, a surrounding side wall formed of a flat pieceand shaped to conform to the periphery of the main bottom and securedthereto, a sub-bottom enclosing and secured to the main bottom andhaving a peripheral wall extending partially upwardly along the upturnedportion of the main bottom, said sub-bottom having a center welltherein, and a main bottom having an opening formed therein registeringwith said center well, there being channels in the sub-bottom andpositioned between the sub-bottom and the main bottom and extendingradially outwardly from the center well and then upwardly along the sidewall, and channel forming means secured to the outer surface of the sidewall and continuing the channels formed by the sub-bottom, the outerextremities of the channels along the side wall communicating with theinterior of the tub adjacent the top of said side wall.

RAY W. FRANKLIN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 114,457 McCleary May 2, 1871516,103 McCausland Mar. 6, 1894 693,746 Shaw Feb. 18, 1902 858,522 LowJuly 2, 1907 1,414,634 Fassio May 2, 1922 1,592,452 Ferris July 13, 19261,597,361 Hazard et al Aug. 24, 1926 1,656,139 Breton Jan. 10, 19281,664,475 Bonneau Apr. 3, 1928 1,833,374 Renshaw Nov. 24, 1931 2,195,615Chamberlin Apr. 2, 1940 2,270,750 Bariffi Jan. 20, 1942 2,275,411 AsheMar. 10, 1942 2,279,619 Fisher Apr. 14, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS NumberCountry Date 7,408 Great Britain Mar. 24, 1914

